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Political parties of Kosovo
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Political Parties |
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The party represents a group of stakeholders whose goal is the realization of the joint program. Parties are a free association of peers who create problem-solving program proposals and nominate its members for the mandates of parliament and state administration to carry out their programs after success in those institutions. Another definition defines parties as links of citizens, who, in the short or long term, act in the creation of political will and wish to represent the people through their size and robust organization, then present themselves to the public and provide means and avenues for realization. of program goals. Based on their organization, parties are divided into cadre parties and mass parties. Parties based on political and social goals are politicized and act to implement their programs. Classification based on ideological directions distinguishes these types of parties: Nationalist, Conservative, Liberal, Social Democratic and Communist Parties, People's and Interest. Officially, each party has a chairman for its national committee who is a protuberant spokesman, organizer and fund-raiser, however without the status of prominent elected office holders.
In a society, the action of a party only makes sense if there are more parties within it, namely political pluralism. The word party is derived from the Latin word pars which means part. If in a society a party has a monopoly on forming political will, it cannot be a matter of competing relations. Then there is a one-party system in society. A government party and to control all systems within society necessarily uses undemocratic means and methods.
Most of the time in one country, despite having more parties, two parties are more important.
Kosovo hosts a multi-party framework with various ideological groups, in which no party gets an opportunity of picking up power alone, and parties must work with one another to shape alliance governments which happens each year.
Since Kosovo declared independence in 2008, no government has finished the 4 year mandate.
The Main Political Parties in Kosovo:
| Democratic Party of Kosovo, PDK |
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This is the largest party with the leader Kadri Veseli. It was created on May, 1999, by the political wing of the Kosovo Liberation Army.  |
| Democratic League of Kosovo, LDK |
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This is the second largest Kosovo's party and the oldest one, according to their official web page, this party begun as a group in 1989. At the head of the party was Ibrahim Rugova, known as the pacifist leader of Kosovo's sovereignty. The LDK came second in the elections, in the head with Isa Mustafa.
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| Alliance for the Future of Kosovo, AAK |
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The AAK was created by the commander Ramush Haradinaj, in 2000.
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| New Kosovo Alliance, AKR |
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The AKR was formed in March 2006 by the businessman Behgjet Pacolli. Pacolli is considered to be one of the richest Albanian. |
New Kosovo Alliance, AKR
The AKR was formed in March 2006 by the businessman Behgjet Pacolli. Pacolli is considered to be one of the richest Albanian.
| Representatives | Year of Election |
|---|---|
| Behxhet Pacolli | 2010 |
| Agim Bahtiri | 2010 |
| Mimoza Kusari | 2014 |
| Labinot Tahiri | 2016 |
(logo Aleanca Kosova e Re)
The New Kosovo Alliance (Albanian: Aleanca Kosova e Re, AKR) is a liberal[1] Kosovo political party in the former PDK and AKR coalition government. Behgjet Pacolli, a businessman, created the party on May 3, 2006. He is the founding shareholder of Mabetex, the project engineering company headquartered in Switzerland, which has handled major engineering ventures ranging from restaurations.
The AKR had not participated in any elections until 17 November 2007 as it was a new political party. The party enjoyed substantial support in Kosovo, with BBSS Gallup International / Index's April 2007 survey showing that the AKR was Kosovo's fourth largest political party with 8 percent of those surveyed backing. The survey showed that the AKR lags behind Kosovo's Democratic League (LDK) (26%), Kosovo's Democratic Party (PDK) (17%), and Kosovo's Future Alliance (9%).
The AKR ran candidates for the first time in the Kosovo elections on November 17, 2007. The party won 12.3% of the vote and 13 seats at Kosovo's parliament, making it the nation's third-largest party. It was the main official opposition party at the time headed by Hashim Thaçi to the coalition government of the Kosovo Democratic Party (PDK) and the Kosovo Democratic League (LDK).
On 22 February 2011, the Members of Parliament voted Behgjet Pacolli as President of Kosovo. Immediately after becoming president, he resigned as head of the AKR because of the constitutional requirements that the head of state can not concurrently perform two different political functions
On 4 April 2011, the Kosovo Constitutional Court ruled President Pacolli unconstitutional following his election as President. Because of their disappointment with the candidates, most opposition members of parliament had boycotted the presidential vote, and the court ruled that the result was invalidated. President Pacolli has earned respect by choosing willingly to step down and prevent the country from engaging in a political crisis. Several observers and foreign dignitaries, such as William Christopher Dell, the U.S. ambassador to Kosovo, commended the former president for his intervention.
The PDK and AKR coalition government persisted, naming the former president as Kosovo's first deputy prime minister on 8 April 2011. He was tasked with heading a special task force in lobbying around the world to recognize Kosovo's independence.
By the end of July 2011, Behgjet Pacolli was expected to return to the AKR leadership. Rrahim Pacolli was going to return to the party's secretary general post. The party had achieved its highest electoral success in 2007 because of its efforts.
NISMA Social Demokrate
The Social Democratic Initiative (NISMA Social Demokrate) also known as NISMA, is a political party in Kosovo formed by Fatmir Limaj and Jakup Krasniqi. Both of them are former members of the PDK (Democratic Party of Kosovo, currently being led by Kadri Veseli).
First, this party was named Nisma per Kosoven. Then on 29 January 2018, the party council decided to change the name of their party from Initiative for Kosovo (Nisma për Kosovën), to the Socialdemocratic Intiative (Nisma Socialdemokrate).
| Representatives | Position |
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Fatmir Limaj | Leader |
| Jakup Krasniqi | Secretary |
| President | Term Start | Term End |
|---|---|---|
| Shkelzen Maliqi | 1990 | 1993 |
| Kaqusha Jashari | 1993 | 2008 |
| Agim Qeku | 2008 | 2013 |
Shpend Ahmeti is the current president.
Partia Socialdemokrate e Kosovës, PSD
The Social Democratic Party of Kosovo (Partia Socialdemokrate e Kosovës, PSD) is a political party in Kosovo. First, a lady named Kaqusha Jashari established this party in 10 february 1990.
PSD participated in the elections of 2017 in a coalition with PDK, AAK and Nisma, but failed to get any seat in the parliament.
(logo of Vetevendosje)
Levizja Vetevendosje
"VET VENDOSJE!" was the key slogan during the demonstrations in Kosovo in 1968, with the goal of supporting Albanians ' national rights and establishing the political status of an individual in Yugoslavia. Vetëvendosje! (LV) was established in 2005 as a consecutive KAN (Kosova Action Network) party advocating active citizenship and direct mass political participation. One of the political points of the movement is the holding of a referendum on unification with Albania.
On 10 February 2007 a rally was held in the streets of Pristina organized by Vetëvendosje and attended by more than 60,000 people. Riot police were mobilized after the government office was reportedly intended to storm by the rioters. Following this deployment, after a few minutes Romanian UNMIK riot police fired tear gas and rubber bullets at the crowd who until then protested peacefully. The Romanian UNMIK police officers then fired directly at the face of one of the protesters, resulting in the immediate death of this unarmed civilian. Following the first casualty the situation went fully out of control and the police began firing rubber bullets at the protesters while always aiming at their heads, resulting in another casualty of a protester who was shot point-blank while he was hiding from the tear gas inside Hotel Iliria, countless other protesters were injured while one protester who was shot next to the heart survived after a long state of coma and still today lives with the projectile inside his chest. The end of the protest resulted in two deaths, seven serious injuries and 73 minor injuries. A prosecutor determined that the police, Romanians who are part of an international force deployed here, had acted criminally, but declined to file charges because it was unclear who had fired the fatal shots. Instead, Kurti got arrested for "disdain and contempt for all that represents the legitimate authority of Kosovo".
The party protested against the agreements for Kosovo's final status through graffiti. The Albanian graffiti is: Non Negociata— Vetëvendosje! (Albanian for "No Self-Determination Negotiations!"). Among the targets for Vetëvendosje activists ' activities are UNMIK vehicles with UN signs to which the activists add at the start a F character and at the end a D character resulting in FUND signs, which in Albanian means The End. The movement also opposes the decentralisation process which creates a de facto division of Kosovo along ethnic lines, separating Kosovo into ethnic Albanian and Serbian parts and as such resulting in ethnic discrimination of both Albanian and Serbian communities by creating ghettos based on ethnicity. The movement has also organised protests in front of the headquarters of the United Nations in both New York and in Kosovo during the visits of the heads of state of Serbia or negotiations ' mediators
Their leader Albin Kurti is a young leader who has voiced his opinion for a long time. The main characteristics of this party is that they are a progressive, social-democratic, Albanian nationalist political party in Kosovo. This party was created on 12 June 2005.
| Representaatives | Year of election |
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| Albin Kurti | 2005 |
| Yllza Hoti | 2019 |
| Shpend Ahmeti | 2010 |
| "Party systems may be broken down into three broad categories: two-party, multiparty, and single-party. Such a classification is based not merely on the number of parties operating within a particular country but on a variety of distinctive features that the three systems exhibit. Two-party and multiparty systems represent means of organizing political conflict within pluralistic societies and are thus part of the apparatus of democracy. Single parties usually operate in situations in which genuine political conflict is not tolerated. This broad statement is, however, subject to qualification, for, although single parties do not usually permit the expression of points of view that are fundamentally opposed to the party line or ideology, there may well be intense conflict within these limits over policy within the party itself. And even within a two-party or a multiparty system, debate may become so stymied and a particular coalition of interests so entrenched that the democratic process is seriously compromised."(Duverger, 2019) |
Political Party Systems and Types
Political Party System - Google
"The difference between two-party and multiparty systems is not as easily made as it might appear. In any two-party system there are invariably small parties in addition to the two major parties, and there is always the possibility that a third, small party prevents one of the two main parties from gaining a majority of seats in the legislature. This is the case with regard to the Liberal Party in Great Britain, for example. Other countries do not fall clearly into either category; thus, Austria and Germany only approximate the two-party system. It is not simply a question of the number of parties that determines the nature of the two-party system; many other elements are of importance, the extent of party discipline in particular. There have been three historical forms of the single-party system: communist, fascist, and that found in the developing countries." (Duverger, 2019) |
Cadre parties are parties ruled by elite groups. With the exception of in a portion of the conditions of the United States, France from 1848, and the German Empire from 1871, the suffrage was to a great extent confined to citizens and property proprietors, and, in any event, when the privilege to cast a ballot was given to bigger quantities of individuals, political impact was basically constrained to an extremely little section of the populace. The mass of individuals were constrained to the job of onlookers instead of that of dynamic participants.By the finish of the nineteenth century the abundances of the machines and the supervisors and the shut character of the gatherings prompted the improvement of essential races, wherein party chosen people for office were chosen. The essential development denied party pioneers of the privilege to direct contender for political decision. A dominant part of the states received the essential framework in some structure somewhere in the range of 1900 and 1920. The point of the framework was to make the gatherings increasingly majority rule by opening them up to the overall population in the expectation of counterbalancing the impact of the gathering councils. By and by, the point was not understood, for the councils held the high ground in the choice of possibility for the primaries.
Cadre parties typically sort out a generally modest number of gathering disciples. Mass-based gatherings, then again, join a huge number of devotees, here and there millions. Be that as it may, the quantity of individuals isn't the main measure of a mass-based gathering. The fundamental factor is that such a gathering endeavors to put together itself with respect to an intrigue to the majority. It endeavors to sort out not just the individuals who are persuasive or surely understood or the individuals who speak to particular vested parties but instead any resident who is eager to join the gathering. On the off chance that such a gathering prevails with regards to social occasion just a couple of disciples, at that point it is mass based distinctly in potential. It stays, by the by, not the same as the framework type parties.
The Role of a Political Party
Until the start of the gathering venture, the commitment has been structuring an extraordinary part in our subject which was clarifying ideological groups. Right off the bat we were isolated on our fixations that we would concentrate on our task. One section would manage clarifying the ideological groups in Kosovo. Another part would manage clarifying what ideological groups are. My commitment hosts been in working what political gatherings are. The part I have worked is tied in with clarifying how ideological groups are isolated, which means in sorts and in sub-types. The most troublesome part was beginning the venture. We had never managed this sort of task and we were simply being balanced with the way how the reviewing functions in this class. By and by, after the presentations were made with the gathering individuals it ended up simpler to cooperate. Another extraordinary factor that helped us was, talking about with individuals from different areas so we generally could finish one another if something was not known by the other. After the primary structure was made and we isolated our works.
The minority political parties of Kosovo |
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The minority political parties which fight for the rights and welfare of the minorities in Kosovo include:
- Turkish Justice Party of Kosovo (Kosova Türk Adalet Partisi)
- Ashkali Party for Integration (Partia Ashkalinjëve për Integrim)
- Civic Initiative of Gora (Gradanska Inicijativa Gore)
- Democratic Ashkali Party of Kosovo (Partia Demokratike e Ashkanlive të Kosovës)
- Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo (Kosova Demokratik Türk Partisi)
- United Roma Party of Kosovo (Partia Rome e Bashkuar e Kosovës)
- Serbian List for Kosovo and Metohija (Srpska Lista za Kosovo i Metohiju)
- League of Egyptians of Kosovo (Lidhja e Egjiptianëve të Kosovës)
- Vakat Coalicion (Koalicija Vakat)
- Serb List (Lista Srbska)
Group Members | Group 1 Political Parties
Agon Loshaj | Arbnor Haxhani | Aurore Jusufi | Betim Osmani | Drilon Deliu | Florent Shala | Klei Zgura | Muhamed Sylejmani | Veton Berisha | Anda Murtezani | Arlind Rexhepi | Endrit Smajli | Florian Binaku | Greta Dreshaj | @mt8916 (Migena Tahiri) | Petar Ivic | Verone Hyseni | Xhoni Alijaj
