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Nita Nishliu, Hevzi Abdullahu, Argjira Lluka, Edona Begu, Adelina Bilalli,Abetare Gojani
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Anup Shah, A. S. (2001, January 21). The kosovo crisis. Retrieved from http://www.globalissues.org/article/126/the-kosovo-crisis
As many other articles talked about war and its impacts on Kosovo’s environmental issues, this one talks about it too. This article talks about the war and bombings that happened in Kosovo during the war with Serbia and it shows how it affected the environment.
A.S. (2005, February 21). Kosovo pollution fears [Web log message]. Retrieved September 18,2011 from http://iwpr.net/report-news/kosovo-pollution-fears
This article/blog was written by Arben Salihu from Balkans-Regional Reporting & Sustainable Training. He clearly points out very important issues on how the current situation in the village of Dardhishte that is near the chimney Kosova A is affecting many residents’ lives. Many residents are blaming KEK as a result of many dead family members. However, on the other side, some KEK representatives are accepting the fault but still claiming that there is nothing to be done considering that there is no sufficient budget to build a pro-environment plant house that would not cause harm at no one. This article tackles the deep reality of many Kosovars who are suffering from this issue therefore; it would be a very good article to find arguments.
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Bekteshi, F. (2001). Challenges Facing Kosovo *. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from REC Kosovo http://sector.rec.org/assistance/urban/kosovo.pdf*
The first source is a document published by Firdezi Bekteshi and it’s called “Challenges facing Kosovo.” Moreover, in this document he explains how Kosovo is a landlocked territory in Balkan Pennsylvania and what its environmental problems are. One of the problems that he mentions is water pollution. As a landlocked country, Kosovo has many rivers in different parts of geography. But these rivers are much polluted and the water quality in those lowland rivers is very poor and it has a lack of proper water treatment; nevertheless, you can use them for a small volume of water supply. Comparing it to other heavily polluted rivers, which cannot be used as a water supply tool for citizens, Kosovo is having many difficulties in providing the whole society with a 24 hours water supply. As a result of wasted water, there is a high incidence of water-borne diseases causing the society many health problems. He also states that: “Recent chemical and bacteriological monitoring show that the majorities of Kosovo’s rivers are polluted and may not even be used for industrial needs without prior treatment” meaning that the cost of cleaning the water is very high, so the government may not consider it in their agenda because they might not have the money to afford its treatment.
Bajraktari, K. (2007, March 15). Environmental Deterioration risks Kosovo'sfuture*. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from KIJAC http://www.kijacnews.net/vnews/display.v/ART/2007/03/15/45f7e6cb94798*
The second source is an article published by Kreshnik Bajrtaktari in KIJAC – Kosovo Institute of Journalism and Communication named “Environmental Deterioration Risks Kosovo’s Future”. This article writes about the idea of producing the Kosova C energy plant. They argue that this is not a good idea. First, because we already have a lot of dust or air pollution from Kosova A and B we do not need another plant to create more dust. Second, the amount of money that will be invested in this plant is very high. The two energetic plants are causing not only air pollution but also deceases like the simple act of breathing, an increase in cases of bronchial asthma, emphysema and lung cancer cases. Unfortunately, there are not enough data that can prove that Obiliq is causing most of the lung cancers, so there is no one who will try to invest in this. UNMIK also said that it would be very difficult to build a new energetic plant around Obiliq because it is near Prishtina, in which almost half of the population lives and most of them drive every day through that road, so the air is being polluted even more. The criterion of this problem is definitely health of the citizens of Kosovo. Also, it is the cost that Kosovo government will have if they decide to find a solution of this problem.
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Canolli, L. (2011, September 18). Zëri • INFO - Kryeqyteti - Kroi, Dobi apo Dëm për Banorët e “Taukbashçes”. Zëri • INFO. Retrieved September 19, 2011, from http://www.zeri.info/artikulli/27/27/33070/kroi-dobi-apo-dem-per-banoret-e-taukbashces/
This online article argues on how the neighbors of the “Taukbashçe” neighborhood are complaining about the destruction of the environment, the fountain, and the noise of the tractors’ tanks. According to the citizens, the ones who are responsible for all this are the employers of the “Hortikultura” Company. They argue that every day, 15 to 20 tractor tanks fill their reservoirs with water from the fountain. These tanks are doing damage to the environment and are making a lot of noise. Seems like, the reason that the employers are taking this huge amount of water is not just for watering, but rather for other purposes.
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Firdezi Bekteshi, F.B. (2011, September 20). Challenges Facing Kosovo. Retrieved 20
September 2011, from, http://sector.rec.org/assistance/urban/kosovo.pdf
Firdezi Bekteshi is the author of the article named “Challenges Facing Kosovo.” The journal article is written in English. Some of the main points discussed are the major environmental issues that Kosovo has been facing for a long time. Water waste and industrial pollution are considered as some heavy environmental problems that are present in our country. Poor management of waste is also a crucial problem; people show little interest in reducing the quantity of such dangerous waste or recycling them, which later lead to other major issues, such as affecting in human’s health.
Fetah Halili, F. H. (2009, June). National background report on environmental research for kosovo (under unscr 1244). Retrieved fromhttp://www.wbcinco.net/attach/1Report_Kosovo_UNSCR1244.pdf
This article says nothing more or less then everything about Kosovo’s environment. It talks about its framework, research projects on environmental issues. It also includes a SWOT analysis for Kosovo’s environment strength.
Frese, S. D., Klitgaard, R., & Pedersen, E. K. (n.d.). Environmental Management in Kosovo . PDF. Retrieved September 19, 2011, from http://rudar.ruc.dk/bitstream/1800/210/1/Environmental_management_in.pdf
This online article is about the project that is related to the environmental management in Kosovo. It focuses in the huge impact that Trepca (lead and zinc mining facility) causes to the environment. The investigation tried to determine the extent of the heavy metal pollution of the nearby river and found that the mining waste is a source of heavy metal pollution to the river. Also this project argues that the pollution contains health risk to the population. This project analyzes some tools which might help Kosovo’s environmental management of Trepca in the future.
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Hjortberg, A. S., & Wingqvist, G. Ö. (2008). Kosovo environment and climate analysis. University of Gothenburg, Retrieved September 18, 2011, from http://www.sida.se/Global/Countries%20and%20regions/Europe%20incl.%20Central%20Asia/Kosovo/Environmental%20policy%20brief%20Kosovo.pdf
This article was written by Hjotberg and Wingqvist from University of Gothenburg and it argues about the environment issues that Kosovo is currently facing and it describes the reasons why do these issues happen. Therefore, considering that this article stresses one of the most important issues that Kosovo is dealing nowadays, it might be useful to find argument and argue about this topic.
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Isufi, F., Gashi, G., Ramadani, I., & Bulliqi, S. (2007). Electric power, environmental problem in Kosovo. Retrieved September 17, 2011, from World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society (WSEAS) Stevens Point, Wisconsin, USA ©2007 website: http://dl.acm.org/.cfm?id=1974193
The purpose of this article is to explain how Kosovo’s air is polluted by the power plants built in the Municipality of Obiliq. They are built at a quite huge area where it can be used for agricultural purposes. In this article environmental issues are discused, and it uses two criteria to elaborate this problem. One is the air pollution created by burning lignite, and the second one is the mines where raw materials for power plants to work are extracted.
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Kosovo State of The Environment Report. (2003, April 26). Retrieved from UNMIK - PROVISIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF SELF-GOVERNMENT website: http://enrin.grida.no///_SOE_part1.pdf
PURPOSE: The purpose of this publication is to identify and highlight the environmental problems in the country. These problems are the ones who required treatment from the ministry and government.
CRITERIA: The three most common criteria used to evaluate the problems are:
- The severity of the problem: How serious is the problem for the environment of the country? What are the impacts in the future?
- Impact of economy in the environment: Is the agriculture development damaging the environment?
- Impact of the environmental pollution in the health of citizens of Kosovo: Which are the main factors that pollute the environment and what is their impact in the health of the population?
CONCLUSION: The article is about the environmental situation of the post-war Kosovo. War played a substantial role in the poor environmental condition; therefore it aims to address this issue. The three main criteria used to evaluate the environmental problems are: the severity of the problem, the economical impact in the environment and the impact of pollution in the health of citizens.
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Luhaj, L. (2011, September 18). Gjelbërimi Përballë Thatësisë . Zeri Info. Retrieved September 19, 2011, from http://www.zeri.info/artikulli/27/27/34290/gjelberimi-perballe-thatesise/
The point of this online article is that even though there are a lot of parks in Prishtina, people are not trying to maintain it, as they should. There are litters everywhere; most of the wooden chairs are damaged, which does not give any good image of our behavior. Although Kosovo’s Municipality had done some investigation for finding better ways to maintain the parks, still is the citizen’s responsibility for their negligence. This source is very useful and the information is reliable since we have also the citizens’ comments toward the maintenance of the parks.
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Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning. (2003, April 26).Kosovo state of the environment report. Retrieve fromhttp://enrin.grida.no/htmls/kosovo/Kosovo_SOE_part1.pdf
This other article say basically everything about Kosovo and its environment. It starts with what type of climate Kosovo has, to continue with Impacts of economy in environment, transportation and to end it up with the hazardous waste and hazardous materials.
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING. (2006, April).Kosovo environmental action plan 2006 – 2010. Retrieved from
http://waterwiki.net/images/b/b9/KosovoEnvActionPlan.pdf
In this article the Ministry of environment and spatial planning explains what the government of Kosovo at that time had in plan for Kosovo’s environment were. Moreover, they talked about climate change, air quality etc. In other words they talked about what are their plans for Kosovo’s future 4 years.
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Nelsen, A. (n.d.). Greens alarmed as EU lobbies for Kosovo coal plant | EurActiv.EurActiv | European Union Information Website (EU and Europe). Retrieved September 20, 2011, from http://www.euractiv.com/climate-environment/greens-alarmed-eu-lobbies-kosovo-coal-plant-news-507494
Kosovo C' would be less polluting than the existing 'Kosovo A' plant, and so enable Pristina to meet its obligations under the Energy Community Treaty, and also to fulfill the requirements of the EU's Large Combustion Plant Directive.
We urge the Bank to continue its involvement in the New Kosovo Power Plant as the best and only way to improve Kosovo's environmental outcomes. Europe should be using all of its powers to help Kosovo and its neighbors a path towards eventual European integration.
Lignite is a form of coal which high levels of CO2.The European Bank of Reconstruction and Development and European Investment Bank are together providing €770 million of loans to a lignite coal plant.
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Ryan,F.F.(2000). Kosovo’s wounded environment. E: The Environmental Magazine, 10(5), 23. Retrieved from EBSCO host.
This is an early article written for Kosovo’s environmental issues. In this article, the author explains how the bombing from NATO in Kosovo had an impact on the environment of Kosovo.
Kosovo cleans up environmental legacy; Project aims to remove ash heaps outside Pristna, turn over reclaimed land for farming, construction, and other uses. (2006). M2PressWIRE. Retrive from EBSCO host.
In this article, the authors, whom are not mentioned talk about how Kosovo is making a big step towards the clean environment with the project of cleaning the ash heaps that, are outside pristine. It also makes sure to say that the World’s Bank gave Kosovo a fond of $5.5 Million. These subsidize are for the Energy sector clean up and Land reclaim projects.
Rexhepi, F., Rugova, A., & Arbneshi, T. (2010). Assessment of heavy metal pollution in Ibër river sediment, Kosova. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from http://balwois.com/balwois/administration/full_paper/ffp-1681.pdf
This article discusses the issue of air pollution in particular matter and heavy metals of Kosovo Thermal Power and it is written by Arbneshi, Rexhepi,and Rugova.
Considering that Kosovo is a mountainous farm region which in the past was in the process of industrialization because of its rich coal and mineral resources, the problem of air pollution in the surroundings of power plants appeared as early as 1954 when Thermal Power Plant of Kosovo started working in Obiliq. As a result, the Iber River is mostly exposed to the pollution caused by several metals, such as zinc and copper; therefore this is a very good article that can be used to argue about the pollution in Kosovo.
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Shala, F., Dragusha, B., Dr., & Sadiku, M. (n.d.). Air pollution in the area around the Mining Complex Trepça in Kosovo. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from Republic of Kosovo < http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/ 2010/Cambridge/EE/EE-50.pdf> as well as this source UNDP. (n.d.). Projects of UNDP*. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from UNDP http://www.kosovo.undp.org/?cid=2,92,26*
The third source is a research document published by three student of University of Prishtina named “Air pollution in the area around the Mining Complex Trepça in Kosovo.” Furthermore, they did a lot of research and came up with a very specific presentation of the problem of Trepca. They say that Kosovo is threatened by the toxic metals especially Mitrovica which has a high level of pollution with the dust particles where the maximum value reaches 5560.8 mg/m2/day that is 20 times more than WHO recommends. With all the details that they found the authors came to conclusion that these toxic metals from Trepca represent immediate health risks to the adjacent residential areas through uncontrolled emissions of airborne dust. And they suggest that this problem has to be treated as a long-term one, measuring the airborne dust concentration in the air as well as the percentage of the toxics in air. This way the air quality will be better and the dust percentage will be lower. The criterion of this problem is the health condition of the citizens as well as the cost of solving this problem. Nontheless, UNDP project in another article (source) said that they already informed the government for this problem and they have a plan how to solve it. Moreover, they will find out the levels of the pollution of mining in, will create underground waters, superficial waters such as streams and rivers etc.
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